Research Paper On Leukemia Health And Social Care Essay

I decided to compose my research paper on Leukemia because my uncle who lived in Bend, OR found out that he had Leukemia. This intelligence was lay waste toing for our household including my uncle. His wellness started dropping and he started droping tired all the clip. My uncle ‘s this status led him to lose his occupation because he could non maintain up with his work. In our civilization exclusive supplier of the family is adult male. In this state of affairs fiscal status of the household was awful because neither my uncle nor his married woman were working. Their childs school classs were dropping and they were sadden by their male parent ‘s illness. His boy had emotional dislocation, and wanted to pass all his clip with his male parent. This disturbance of the household even spilled over to my side of the household. My ma was truly affiliated to her brother ; happening out that her brother has malignant neoplastic disease. It was really hard on my ma. My ma ‘s wellness was at its worse when she got intelligence of my uncle ‘s illness. My uncle ‘s parents lived in India. Finding out their one and merely boy has a deathly illness ; it was really upseting for his parents. They applied for visas to come to the United States to see their boy. Even though, the household in the United States made a petition to in-migration services to let my uncles parents to come to the United States to see their boy. Supporting paperss were submitted including a elaborate missive from my uncle ‘s physician depicting his medical status. However, their petitions for obtaining U.S. visas were denied. My uncle ‘s medical status did non let him to go to India to see his parents for the last clip in his life. Furthermore, my uncle did non hold medical insurance. The ground for non holding a medical insurance was the high cost of it. Other large factor of non holding insurance was that my uncle did non hold a occupation for a long clip. Even when he had a occupation it did non come with medical benefits. However, few months after my uncle found out that he had a malignant neoplastic disease, and was hospitalized a physician from the infirmary down in Bend, Oregon helped him to acquire a medical insurance through Oregon Health Plan. This helped my uncle and his household a batch. My uncle was able to acquire choice intervention from the infirmary through that wellness program. The physicians did chemotherapy for six months and still it did n't bring around him, and shortly physicians gave up, and said sorry he wo n't populate for long. Just hebdomad after that my uncle passed off. This is how my household is impacted by Leukemia. Leukemia is malignant neoplastic disease that starts in the tissue that forms blood. To cognize how malignant neoplastic disease starts it is helpful to cognize how normal blood cells form. Most blood cells are formed in the bone marrow called root cells. Bone marrow is the soft stuff in the centre of most castanetss. When mature it develops into different sorts of blood cells, each sort does a particular occupation. Major sorts include the ruddy blood cells and the white blood cells. White blood cells are helpful to contend infections. There are many sorts of white blood cells. Red blood cells carry O to the tissues throughout the organic structure. The thrombocytes help organize blood coagulums to forestall hemorrhage. White blood cells, ruddy blood cells, and thrombocytes are created from root cells when organic structure needs them. When these cells grow old or damaged, they die, and so new cells take their topographic point. In a patient who has leukaemia, the bone marrow makes unnatural white blood cells. Those unnatural blood cells are called leukemia cells. Normal blood cells die when they reach a certain age or when they get damaged, whereas leukaemia cells do non decease after aging or acquiring damaged. They start to herd out normal white blood cells, ruddy blood cells, and thrombocytes. This state of affairs makes it really hard for normal blood cells to make their occupation. There are two types of leukaemia ; the types of leukaemia can be grouped on the bases of how speedy the disease develops and gets worse. Leukemia is either chronic which normally gets worse easy, or theirs acute which normally gets worse rapidly. Chronic Leukemia: In the beginning phases of the disease, the leukaemia cells can still make the occupation for normal white blood cells. Patient may non hold any mark at first ; physicians frequently find the chronic leukaemia during a everyday medical examination before there are any symptoms. Gradually, chronic leukaemia gets worse. As the figure of leukemia cells in the blood additions, patients starts to acquire symptoms, such as conceited lymph nodes, febrilities, dark workout suits, weak feeling, hemorrhage, weight loss, swelling, hurting or infections. When those symptoms do look, they are normally mild at first and acquire worse easy. Acute Leukemia: The leukaemia cells ca n't make any of the work of normal white blood cells. The figure of leukemia cells increases rapidly. Patients normally go to their physician because they feel ill. If the encephalon is affected, they may headaches, purging, confusion, loss of musculus control, or ictuss. Patients start to acquire symptoms, such as conceited lymph nodes, febrilities, dark workout suits, weak feeling, hemorrhage, weight loss, swelling, hurting or infections. Acute leukaemia normally worsens quickly. Diagnosis: Have one or more of the undermentioned trials done: physical test, blood trials, biopsy done two ways bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy. Prevention: As long bar goes, there is no manner to forestall leukaemia at this clip. However, avoiding hazard factors such as smoke, exposure to toxic chemicals, diagnostic X raies, and exposure to radiation may assist forestall some instances of leukaemia. Being healthy and remaining healthy dramas a large function in forestalling leukaemia. What we put into our organic structures has a batch to make with our overall wellness. Cancer Contending Foods: I have besides done some research on nutrients that are known to forestall different types of malignant neoplastic disease. Eating a batch of veggies and fruits help to forestall leukaemia, list of veggies and fruits are: Avocados – rich in glutathione, a powerful antioxidant that attacks free groups in organic structure. Black Raspberries & A ; Blueberries – contain an antioxidant that kills leukemia cells without harming healthy cells. Carrots – contain beta provitamin A, which may assist cut down malignant neoplastic disease. Broccoli, Brassica oleracea botrytis, Brussels sprouts, and chou – contains two antioxidants, xanthophyll and zeaxanthin that may assist cut down malignant neoplastic disease. Garlic – increases the activity of immune cells and helps interrupt down substances that cause malignant neoplastic disease. Grapefruits, oranges, papaia, pomegranate – aid prevent malignant neoplastic disease Treatment: Leukemia intervention falls into two types of intervention to contend the malignant neoplastic disease and intervention to alleviate the symptoms of the disease and the side effects of the intervention. Chemotherapy is the widely used intervention for leukaemia ; it is the powerful drug to kill leukemia cells. Therapy can be administered by oral cavity or vena depending on the type of medicine. Sometimes depending on the instance chemotherapy can be given at place. In other instances patient has to hospitalise to have the therapy. By this it kills cells or halt them from reproducing. It besides kills quickly turning healthy cells, accounting for many of the side effects of therapy. The badness of the side effects depends on the doses given and the patient ‘s tolerance. Chemotherapy is normally given in rhythms. Each rhythm consists of terrible intervention over several yearss followed by a few hebdomads without intervention for remainder and recovery from side effects caused by the therapy, largely anemia and low white blood cells. The sequence is so repeated. It may be administered for two to six rhythms, depending on subtype leukaemia and hazard factors involved. Bone marrow test may be done prior to each rhythm of therapy. After completion of intervention the patient is evaluated once more to see the consequence of the chemotherapy for leukaemia. Decision: In terminal it is all about how we take attention of our organic structures, our diet plays a large function in our well being and remaining healthy. As stated above leukaemia malignant neoplastic disease is a really unsafe disease. We should take proper safeguard to forestall this disease. Doctors are taking several steps to forestall this malignant neoplastic disease from distributing in human organic structure. If leukemia malignant neoplastic disease is non taken attention in its early phases it may turn out fatal to human organic structure. Citations: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.leukemia-cure.com/leukemia-symptoms.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lls.org/ # /diseaseinformation/leukemia/ www.leukemia-lymphoma.org hypertext transfer protocol: //www.emedicinehealth.com/leukemia/article_em.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/leukemia

Billy Graham: a True Leader and Crusader Essay

To find a great modern day leader with a life full of integrity is nearly impossible to do, but Reverend Billy Graham definitely fits the bill. This essay will attempt to show how the Reverend is able to bundle his personal characteristics up to provide dynamic and powerful messages that have provided hope, peace, and courage to millions of people through the past several decades. Billy Graham was not born a leader, but when he found his purpose, he became an unstoppable force that defines leadership. To be a good leader, one must exhibit certain traits, skills, and behaviors. Through traits like honesty, integrity, self confidence, motivation, and knowledge, Reverend Graham is able connect with huge groups of people who are searching for direction in their personal lives. Through careful research and studying, he has been able to compile knowledge and wisdom, and apply that in his sermons. He could grab the attention of thousands in a stadium with his communication skills. He is organized and has shown people how to live by example. To some, his style of preaching may seem tough, but he shares what he believes. He lays it all on the line, and it is up to the people to decide where to go next. The Reverend does not think of what he does as a responsibility or burden, but rather an opportunity to share what he is passionate about with others so that they can feel the same joy that he does. As alluded to earlier, leaders must have certain traits to be successful and Billy Graham has just about every trait that defines a successful leader. Recently, the Reverend was interviewed by Dr. ThomRainer who is the CEO of Lifeway Christian Resources. After the interview Dr. Rainer said,â€Å"The name of Billy Graham inevitably reminds us of integrity. His is a life that did not compromise morally. Hehas lead a life of incredible honesty. Leadership at any level cannot begin to function well unless the leader has integrity. †(Rainer 2009). Not only does Reverend Graham have integrityand honesty, but he has self confidence, motivation, and knowledge. In a country that is known for having very egotistical and self centered leaders, Billy Graham sets himself apart from the pack. There are stories after stories of people that have been emotionally touched by this man. He is known to not even talk about himself in an interview, but be more interested in the reporter, and where they come from, their family and their personal walk with God. This illustration shows that when a person talks to Billy Graham he is actually asserting true self confidence even though he is not talking about himself. He has a motivation to convey his message to that person towards the end of the conversation, and he has the knowledge after he has found out about their background to share that message when he has found a common ground with them. He is a master of all traits that personify a leader and he can lead a person where he wants them to go without them even realizing it. Reverend Billy Graham has skills that were not only obtained though studying scripture and other books in his profession, but most importantly, through listening to others and gaining a certain knowledge and understanding of people. The Reverend does â€Å"Crusades† all over the world and offers an invitation at the end to invite people to know Jesus in their heart. He has reached almost three million people in his â€Å"Crusades† alone which shows that he has a way of teaching and reaching people in a powerful way. He is able to consolidate the most compelling words and sentences into his sermons instead of losing people to boredom, or not finding a piece of his message that will strike at least one nerve with everyone in the audience. He can build a bridgewith people of completely different ideological views. Author Maynard Stoddard said, â€Å"No religious crusader has carried the gospel message to more people in more lands, presented that message with more power or authority, or stirred a deeper response in his listeners. † (Stoddard 1986). He has spent personal time with twelve United States Presidents dating back to Harry S. Truman. He has counseled presidents and kings all over the world, yet continues to retain the skill of being humble. He realizes that he too is a follower and without his leader he would not be anyone. He understands what he has is a gift. Everyone needs a level of self-awareness about their talents and abilities. As a leader, this is even more important because you serve your team or organization best when your gifts are being used and brought to their fullest potential. These skills coupled with the traits that have been talked about create an irrepressible leader. Lastly, a leader must have a certain style or behavior to be a leader. Billy Graham is able to combine his goal of getting his message and vision across to everyone in a very tough, directand sometimes rigid way, but at the same time he makes people feel comfortable by showing them positive things that can happen in their lives. He is easily able to tell testimonies, build trust and respect based on commonalities, and then lay out a â€Å"plan of salvation† for the audience. He wants as many people to accept Jesus into their hearts as possible, but numbers are not everything. He wants people to truly understand the message, and not make a decision based on emotions, but one based on a truth that they can follow forever. According to Blake and Mouton’s Leadership Grid, Reverend Graham is a team leader. He has a song emphasis on the task and the people. He wants participation, he makes the message very clear so there are no misunderstandings, he loves preaching because it is his passion, and even though he is in a profession where he could do all the talking, he continues to keep an open mind so he can learn from others and adapt to new situations. Even though there are several different and acceptable types of leaders, these attributes help to show the style of leadership that has molded Mr. Graham into being such a successful leader. In conclusion, Reverend Graham has defined what a leader should be. He has been able to become a successful leader mainly through understanding the fine line between being very rigid and being what people consider to be a dreamer. He has clearly been able to walk that line and not stray from it at all. After 93 years on this earth, he is still pursuing his passion. People still leave feeling like they know him personally and feeling a sense of validation.

Kinesiology as a Massage therapist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kinesiology as a Massage therapist - Essay Example These increased blood circulation will increases both our physical and mental activities. Kinesiological principles were built up one these body movements which are now extensively used in massage therapy, research, the fitness industry, and in industrial environments. â€Å"When a person seeks the help of a kinesiologist, the practitioner will study the client as a whole. This is because kinesiology theory suggests that the mind and body are inexplicitly linked and that one has a vital affect on the other.† (Kinesiology) The author is relatively a new massage therapist, who found immense value of kinesiology in massage therapy. He believes that applied kinesiology (muscle testing) can be used to evaluate symptoms and conditions presented by his clients. When client’s came in for a session with me, I would stand them up and do body reading to analyze the structural distortions. (McCann) Muscles are the body part which controls the body movements and hence as per the kinesiology principles, in order to study body movements, the massage therapist must first evaluate the functioning of the muscles. McCann‘s arguments are justified considering the opinion of Arlene Green, written in the article Touch for Health Kinesiology for Massage Therapists. In his opinion â€Å"Each muscle is associated with a specific meridian energy pathway Massage may only be a temporary fix to chronic muscle problems, if the underlying cause isn’t being addressed. The weak muscles are often the real culprit in causing muscle imbalance† (Green) Another argument put forward by McCann in this article is that â€Å"The effectiveness and accuracy of massage treatment can be increased if kinesiology is applied properly. (McCann) Kinesiology will help the massager to identify the problematic areas of our body after analysing the body movements and can concentrate more on the defective areas. The patient will experience difficulties in moving the

E.A Davis Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

E.A Davis Case Analysis - Essay Example One of the reasons why E.A. Davis is successful is due to the fact that it considers its target market applying the focus strategy in order to substantially cater the needs of its chosen target market. E.A. Davis’s retail format is one of a kind considering that it specifically created an impression for its customers through the way it serves them. In order to serve their customers in the best possible way, E.A. Davis tried to understand the competition through brand strategy, right employees handle the right customers and hands on monitoring on what brands are selling (Sieloff 3). E.A. David’s positioning strategy is clear. It specifically tried to create an image for itself as a branded clothing store (Sieloff 4). Due to this positioning strategy, E.A. Davis’s learned to rely on well-known brands that have significant impact on the lives of customers. As a single-owner department store, there was a clear hands-on experience for E.A. Davis especially on being focus on what aspect to consider in the business. The first focus was on its location. (Siellof 2). Clearly, the location aspect was an integral part of its success due to accessibility and proximity to other business establishments that customers are looking forward to. Location is an important aspect for the success of E.A. Davis because it directly associates to the volume of customers that it can cater. Everything will follow if the right location has been chosen and this is strongly justified in the case of E.A. Davis. E.A. Davis also tried to differentiate its customer service through its product offering and services which can be substantiated how the company greatly treated its customers (Siellof 3). Its exclusive merchandise that is creating a significant impact in the market is a great advantage of E.A. Davis. The successful product positioning of E.A. Davis is its g reat competitive advantage on why it gained significant recognition in the market. The disadvantage of E.A. Davis is its very basic strategy especially in the other aspects in marketing. Its current state of expansion is very slow. Its offered services and products are strongly accepted in the market due to the right location was taken into consideration (Siellof 2). This only proves that E.A. Davis is only dependent on its location for its product strategy. However, a little portion is only given to more sophisticated marketing strategies that could maximize its ability to gain more customers. E,A Davis could have done much better if good marketing strategies are integrated further in its whole system of operation. 3. Assuming the role of a consultant, what key suggestions would you give Skolnick on how to refine E.A. Davis’s strategy to stay relevant in the increasingly volatile retail environment? Give detailed answers and justify your recommendations. Answer The idea of c arrying branded products is so far what makes E.A. Davis leading in the competition (Siellof 4). This is the specific area where there is a need to go for more refinement considering that it is the firm’

Taste and design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Taste and design - Essay Example Taste and color in design are two components that need to be studied in order to understand how design can take different meanings and appeal among different people. Taste and Color, both are part of the design process that cannot be objectively labeled as good and bad. In order to differentiate between good and bad, we need to understand the role taste and color play in the design process. In this paper, both taste and color would be discussed in detail. Every person has a different taste towards design. Every few pieces of design have universal appeal among the people. People’s perception of good design changes with their personality, their culture, their status and even the socio-economic group. For instance, in India people tend to prefer red dresses for their weddings while in America, the most preferred color is white. Even the styling of these dresses change from one country to another. It is almost impossible to make people agree over one taste in design. A person’s individual personality also plays an important role in defining his taste in design. Some people prefer simple minimalist designs while others prefer opulent designs. It cannot be argued which design is better. A room with minimalistic design may appeal to one designer but not to the other. Design taste also changes with changing cultures. People in different cultures decorate their homes in different ways. Taste in Design is not a universally accepted principle. It is difficult to develop a tasteful design based on a set of principles. This is mainly because taste in design tends to differ from person to person. Cultures, age, time, personality, mood and almost everything changes a person’s perception of tasteful design. Design Tastes also vary with time. It is easy to observe this if one goes back and observes how fashion has evolved with time. What our parents perceived as good design is

Impacts of The European Economic Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Impacts of The European Economic Crisis - Essay Example Additionally, the EU recession caused an increase in the cost of doing business, since firms do not have access to credit from financial institutions. Because of this, firms will have to cut cost of investments such as research on investments. This will have a long term effect on firms and the countries involved because there is a loss in research which would have led to inventions of new technologies. Political crises have also been reported in countries affected by financial crisis, for example Greece. There have been cases of demonstrations, rioting and other social effects on the population. This is mainly attributed to the high rate of unemployed persons, high inflation and high prices of goods. This can be a long term effect because if the case of EU financial crisis is not dealt with, political and social instability will continue (Aghion & Howitt, 2006). The rate of depression among the residents of EU is also increasing because of the high rate of unemployment. This is becau se the population has lost hope for future income based on the crisis which hit their countries. This is mainly attached to the results of the crisis such as the increase in the number of poor people. This would be a long term effect because it is a continuous trend. Furthermore, other long term consequences are impacts on the populations’ health due to loss of jobs and lack of insurance cover. Research done by the Red Cross in some EU countries has shown that the EU crisis has made the governments too weak to provide important services to its citizens. This is because there is a high growth in the number of citizens demanding social services from the government. The gap between the poor and the rich is also increasing because more people...This essay is one of the best examples of comprehensive analysis of the impacts of the economic crisis on the economies of the EU countries. The EU crisis increased the rate of unemployment in most European countries. High number of workers outside the job lose their job skills because they are not practicing. The EU recession caused an increase in the cost of doing business, since firms do not have access to credit from financial institutions. Firms had to cut cost of investments such as research on investments. There is a loss in research which would have led to inventions of new technologies. Political crises have also been reported in countries affected by financial crisis, for example Greece. There have been cases of demonstrations, rioting and other social effects on the population. This is mainly attributed to the high rate of unemployed persons, high inflation and high prices of goods. This can be a long term effect because if the case of EU financial crisis is not dealt with, political and social instability will continue To solve the case of unemployment which has contributed to political instability, the EU should consider unemployment insurance. Unemployment insurance has been implemented in the United States and has done well. This act can be implemented in such a way that those who had been employed before losing their jobs qualify for unemployment insurance. The study also mentioned the loss of hope by firms and cuts on their investments due to loss of credit from financial institutions.

Shakespeare Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Shakespeare Research Paper - Essay Example This paper examines and explores the foundations of this theory which in fact grants Francis Bacon the authorship of William Shakespeare’s works. The analysis of the said theory primarily focuses on providing a rationale and arguments which support this supposition. The approach which has been adopted in the paper is based on assessing the theory from an evaluative perspective which is based on identifying the proposals of the advocates of this theory and responses of individuals who doubt this claim. In conclusion, the paper answers a critical question that has been perpetuated by those who remain fascinated by the world of English literature: was William Shakespeare solely responsible for penning down the literary works we link with him? At the heart of the Shakespeare authorship debate is a woman named Delia Bacon, as stated by Shapiro, â€Å"Delia Bacon, more than anyone before or after, was responsible for triggering what would come to be known as the Shakespeare authors hip controversy† (18). ... Thus, Bacon’s objective of unmasking the reality of Shakespeare was motivated by the underlying political characteristics of the playwright’s masterpieces which she could only associate with individuals such as Francis Bacon. Shahan and Waugh assert that despite of the reservations of critics who view Delia Bacon’s account with uncertainty and ambiguity because of her eventual descend into psychological illness, the scholar employed â€Å"†¦remarkably modern methods of literary analysis† to arrive at her claim (204). While, this feature of her account certainly lends weight to the Baconian theory, the critical and intriguing question that has emerged is, why Francis Bacon? The answer to which has been provided in scholarly sources that are evaluated in the paper. According to Shapiro, the name of Francis Bacon soon emerged as one of the key contenders who could be revealed as the ‘real’ Shakespeare (19). As a one of the most prominent ind ividuals of Renaissance, Francis Bacon was a man of many talents; well-read, well-traveled and with the ability to engage the reader with his gifted writing talent. In 1594, he was appointed by Queen Elizabeth to serve as her literary counsel, not only that, through the works for which he was indeed credited such as the eminent Essays, the Novum Organum and the Instauratio Magna, Francis Bacon displayed his extraordinary literary capability (Shapiro 19). Even after his death in 1626, Bacon’s admirers in France upheld his philosophical works in the highest regard, by celebrating the scientist’s life and his contribution to the establishment of social reform. Shapiro claims that a significant

Cycle of Kolb Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cycle of Kolb - Essay Example According to the theory, concrete experience is followed by reflection of the experience on a personal level. Based on the reflection, one may try to conceptualise some general rules followed by an attempt to see if the rules are logic. This leads to the next concrete experience. When I joined the OB team, I had a lot of expectations and hopes about my performance in the team. I dreamt of getting a good reputation the team, and I hoped to be happy as I always loved to be cared and appreciated by others. However, after joining the team, I realized that things were not exactly the same as I imagined. I was hardly getting any attention nor was I able to perform well as I had many areas in my work where I was weak. However, I was reluctant to seek others’ help as I thought it would make my position more vulnerable. In addition, as I was too sensitive to comments, even the slightest hints of neglect and negative comments depressed me. Soon, team activities became a nightmare for me . I became too conscious to avoid any mistake. In addition, I had a rather poor relation with other members of the team. The bitter experience that made me reflect upon my own nature took place in March 2011. There was a meeting of my team to develop a plan to handle a serious case. To my utter surprise and dismay, I found that I was given no important role to play in the case. Though removing me was not directly discussed, many members were indicating the need of bringing someone with proficiency and experience. This was much beyond my expectations and control. So, at tea time, I left the meeting. On reaching home, I analysed as to what went so seriously wrong in my case because things were moving further and further away from my hands, and if something was not done, the situation was going to ruin my career and life. I tried to analyze the problem from a neutral view point. As West (172) observes, there are three types of conflict in teams; conflict about the task, conflict about team processes, and interpersonal conflict. In my team, everyone seemed happy working together and I could not find any conflict about tasks. On the other hand, successful completion of each task made the members growing closer in their relations, though I was growing more and more disappointed about my poor contribution. Moreover, there was no conflict about team process, and even personal relations. I was the only element in the team that was feeling detached and disappointed. When I looked into my faults, I could find that the first problem about me was my introverted nature. It did not allow me to be a good team player. As Thomas and Kilman (as cited in West, 2004) identified, there are five personality styles. They are: (1) competitive- taking a firm stand, and is useful when defending against a malicious motive, (2) collaborative- cooperative and takes into consideration the view point of all, (3) compromising- trying to reach a solution that at least partially satisfy all, (4 ) accommodating- trying to accommodate the interests of the other group, often surrendering ones own, and (5) avoiding- trying to evade the conflict entirely. (Source: Conflict Resolution, Mindtools). When I looked into my own position, I found that it was more of an avoiding type. Though I was well aware about my abilities, my attitude was ‘good for nothing’ most of the time, giving me a non- competent image in the team. Yet another serious issue I could identify with me was my egocentric nature. As I mentioned, I had lack of knowledge in certain fields but my hesitation to ask others only exaggerated the problem. If I asked someone in my team, they would only be happy to offer a solution at any time I prefer. It was unwise from my part to cover up the issues. I seemed seriously erred in not

Comparison on Pietro Germi's film Divorce, Italian Style and Martin Essay

Comparison on Pietro Germi's film Divorce, Italian Style and Martin Scorsese's film Goodfellas - Essay Example Clearly, their future, their past was something that was hidden in the dark corners of their minds (Liehm 56). Germi’s film Divorce; Italian style examines ideas like social customs through a shadowy comedy about a gentleman, Ferdinando. He attempts at thinking of reasonable and legal way in which he can get divorced from his wife. This reason behind all this thinking is because Ferdinando wants the freedom to marry his true purpose of craving, his 16 year-old cousin. In this mirror, we can clearly see that the Italian social life is extremely at odds with each other. The illegal divorce and the stigmatization of women in society clearly show that something is extremely at stake. In a lot of many ways, Ferdinando’s actions show the extreme levels of peculiarity the society can get to. Additionally, the manner in which Fernando gets annoyed his wife, just serve at great to show us the banalities of the two characters. What is quite unbelievable is that the society well accepts Fernando’s decision to murder his wife. This is like adding salt to injury. In any case, it high lights how callous the society can get (Liehm 96). Martin Scorsese’s film Goodfellas is wrought in sinister gangster activities. In terms of courses of texture, no film comes near it. In short, this means that it ahs shares a large monogyny in the sphere of rivalry, detail, and expansiveness. It covers widely the gangster life-style. In this film, the gangsters are mostly men, and such they have the slightest tinge of idea about of appropriate attitudes, the notion of masculinity, and certain inclinations. Some of the crucial aspects in this film and the predominately male gangster society include reputation, trustworthiness, and brazenness. Ideally, the idea of male masculinity is expressed in the manner in which the characters are concerned with the welfare of each other by

Discussion Week 7 Advertising Media and Integrated Marketing Assignment

Discussion Week 7 Advertising Media and Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) - Assignment Example The social media is least costly, can demonstrate the product vividly, and is able to reach a wide range of clientele. The weaknesses noted in social media are its lack of emotional appeal or ability to vividly demonstrate the product. Finally, newspaper is also least costly and could provide more information on the product, as required. However, the weaknesses of newspapers include the lack of target, reach and vividness in presentation; as well as in providing emotional appeal (Selecting Advertising Media and Determining Advertising Budgets, 2014). To create the advertising budget, three ways were actually suggested: (1) to use historical figures or a percentage of past year’s sales; (2) to determine the amount that competitors spend and earmark a similar budget; and (3) determine the advertising goal and the resources of the company and work out how the goal could be reached (Selecting Advertising Media and Determining Advertising Budgets, 2014). 2. From the e-Activity above, outline the design for an IMC campaign that would use a different media other than the one used in the product or service you reviewed. For example, if the advertisement you reviewed was designed for the radio, consider the details for a complimentary Web or magazine advertisement. One of the most effective advertisements shown is the â€Å"Volkswagen-Darth Vader 2011 Super Bowl Commercial† (Volkswagen-Darth Vader 2011 Super Bowl Commercial, 2011). The design of an IMC campaign for the same advertisement, using a different media would actually be challenging. According to Iacobucci (2014), the IMC should â€Å"ensure that a company’s various advertising efforts send a coherent story across the different customer touch points† (p. 159). Therefore, the most appropriate medium to relate the main thrust of the advertisment (other than through the commercial shown through YouTube) would be in a magazine advertisment. The details that could be provided

Uptown, Dakota and Powermaster Case Study Essay Example for Free

Uptown, Dakota and Powermaster Case Study Essay In 1989, R.J. Reynolds announced to introduce a plan for Uptown, the cigarettes designed to target at black smokers. However, Uptown never reached the shelves because the opposition of some interest groups. In 1990, R.J. Reynolds begun to sell Dakota, which were a new cigarette brand targeted primarily at 18 to 24 years old female. In 1990, the alcohol producer Heileman Brewing Company launched a new high-alcohol drink PowerMaster, in order to targeted at black customers. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. and G. Heileman Brewing Co. targeted the minority and ethnic groups. The segmentation marketing strategy of the cigarette and alcohol company induced some controversy marketing problems (Smith, 1995). II. Ethical Issues of the Company The ethical issue of R.J. Reynolds and G. Heileman Brewing was the same: they targeted the consumer segments viewed as â€Å"vulnerable† with the unhealthy products. Although marketing segmentation is an important marketing strategy for the company, the introduction of Uptown, Dakota and PowerMaster have resulted in controversy and even criticized as unethical because the products targeted at those people who are in lower income and with fewer education experience. 2.1 Ethical Issues Related Uptown and Dakota ï ¼Ë†source: http://www.naaapi.org/documents/uptown.aspï ¼â€° With sales amount declining, R.J. Reynolds announced to introduce Uptown to seek new customers. Uptown is designed according to the black customers’ performance with lighter menthol and upside down filter. Uptown was charged for its misleading advertisement message brought more disease to a group with high smoking illness and mortality (Richard J, 1998). Although the plan of Uptown was cancelled because of the strong against of the social interest groups, the company’s segmentation strategy was implemented via other brands such as Dakota. Dakota targeted young female through the use of younger slim models and the advertisement slogan to mislead the young women smokers. Most of the targeted customers of Dakota were white female with high school degrees or blue-collar workers. They were so young to have good self-control awareness or the ability to judge true or false from the advertisement. And the company advocated Dakota as slim cigarettes and appealed the young female customers with misleading message. 2.2 Ethical Issues Related to PowerMaster PowerMaster is a malt liquor that drawn criticism from health organizations, which charged the company promoted the products to poor blacks and inner-city neighborhoods. According to the investigation of these organizations, alcohol was connected to many serious social problems, such as suicide and family violence. And the black men had a 40 percentage higher death of liver cancer than the white people (Bureau of National Affairs, 1991). (Source: http://www.google.com.au/search?q=powermasterhl) III. Relevant Interactions and Connections of the Stakeholders There are eleven stakeholders involved in this case study. In the following part, I will use the stakeholder interaction model to identify the specific stakeholders and the relevant interactions and connections among them. And find how they think and value the ethical issues and their decision. The stakeholder interaction model (Source: Maignan, Ferrell and Ferrell, 2003) 3.1 Company (Management) Company: R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. (RJR); G. Heileman Brewing Co. Senior administrator: RJR’s CEO; RJR’s Marketing VP: Peter Hoult; Spokesperson; Marketing VP of Philip Morris Co. Both of the companies were under the heavy pressure to improve the marketing share of their products and create more profits to both the shareholders and employees. The business performance of the company will influence relationship with local government, community and suppliers. The senior administrators introduced the mew brand to customers, and explain the controversy from the perspective of the company. They provided and applied the segmentation marketing strategy and targeted at the vulnerable customers. They believed that the targeted customers have right to buy the products that fit their preference, the introduction of new products won’t change the whether they buy or not. Targeting at some special groups is just a tactic of marketing choice. 3.2 Customers They want the products that better need their needs, and the products are available in the right places with the right prices. The choice of customers will decide the company’s operating condition and employee’s welfare. And the employees produce the products and sell them to customers. Interest groups were looking forward to protecting the health of them. Customers pay tax to government; therefore, the government should make efforts to protect their legal interests. Customers have rights to buy alcohol and cigarettes, but some customers may mislead by the unethical strategy of the company and bring bad effect to themselves. 3.3 Government Senate; National Coalition; The government should be responsible for the citizen’s health, when the company introduce the harmful products to the customers and bring bad social impacts, the government can regulate and administrate the company through tax or laws. 3.4 Community In this case, the community leaders charged the promotion of alcoholic products of G. Heileman Brewing Company which are targeted at the black and Latino neighborhoods resulted in a series of social problems (Folt,1991). The Community provides the company with physical and social infrastructure that allows the company to do business. 3.5 Suppliers The suppliers are business partners of the companies, they want to maintain long-term and trusted relationships with the company. 3.6 Shareholders In this case, the shareholders were the people who bought the stocks of the R.J. Reynolds Company and G. Heileman Brewing Company. They were granted to get the profits of the enterprises in the form of dividends and they wanted to maximum their return on the investment. Shareholders also wanted the company to behavior ethically and gain good reputation, however; in some instance the stockholders’ strong desire to get profits may push the company conduct unethical marketing strategy in order to meet the commitments to the shareholders. 3.7 Employees The employees and shareholders mutually influenced each other, employees wanted to get reward consistent with their performance in the company. They brought economic profits to the stockholders, and they hoped their welfare could be improved as a return. Although employees of R.J. Reynolds and G. Heileman Brewing were not the direct business decision makers, they produced and sold the â€Å"unethical† cigarettes and alcohol to the vulnerable customers. And as a member of company, their welfare is related to whether the customers choose their products or not. When they loss the trust of customers they will also lose their own interests. 3.8 Special Interest Groups Public Health Organizationsï ¼Å¡Health and Human Services Secretary; The Women’s Tennis Association; Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI). Public Health officials (Louis W. Sullivan; Reed Tuckson; Surgeon; General Koop) They have activities against the company and give information to the customers via the mess media. They criticized the Tabaco and alcohol company giving misleading information to the venerable customers and exploited profit from the poor, young, black and Hispanics groups. The special interest groups try to stop the unethical business strategies of the companies through boycotts and giving public censure to the government agency in order to protect he customers from unhealthy habits and behavior. 3.9 Trade Associations The Beer Institute; Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (BATF); The trade organization is an organization in the same trade formed to further their collative interests. The relative Trade Associations has the power of giving approval of using the label and also has the rights to use the related policies and regulations within their industry to control the behavior of the enterprises. In this case, BATF pushed G. Heileman Brewing Company to drop the word â€Å"power†. 3.10 Competitors Philip Morris Co.; BAT Industries; Black Sunday; Crazy Horse; St Ides. The marketing shortage of the company’s competitors may give the decision maker some enlightenment. And the company may imitate competitors’ profitable products and transfer its attention to the new area, do research on the new products in order to compete with others. In the case, Philip Morris is the leading cigarette company provides young female smokers with the brand Marlboro. The strategy of Phillip Morris pushed R.J. Reynolds into targeting at young female customers. 3.11 Mess Media: The black oriented newspapers and magazines such as Jet and Ebony; Other media; Commentator of the media; New York Times; Beverage World; Fortune. The target marketing oriented media published alcoholic drinks and Tabaco advertisements to the customers, which may induce the prevalence of smoking. Other media reported on the protest against targeting at vulnerable customers. The Commentator of the media offered the customers with insightful analysis of the target marketing products and give suggestions to officials in the health organizations. IV: Rank the Stakeholder It is necessary to understand the relationships of all the stakeholders involved in the activity of the company or the interest groups. Having a good management of the relationships with each kind of stakeholder will be beneficial to the performance of that organization. The following two lists showing a rank of the stakeholders involved in the business activities of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and G. Heileman Brewing Company from the perspectives of the two companies and interest groups respectively. The shareholders hold the stocks of the company, in other words they can decide the company’s fate, and it’s the company’s obligation to maximize the stakeholders’ benefits, So R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and G. Heileman Brewing Company ranked their own shareholders in the most important place. Employees can provide research, manufacturing and sales services to the customers, their satisfaction of working conditions and welfares will influence their performance during the working period and then directly influence the company’s operating performance. Customers are usually regarded as the most important stakeholders. No company will operate well if it cannot persuade customers to buy its products. Therefore, both R.J. Reynolds and G. Heileman designed new brand products to the customers in order to increase their marketing share and get more profits. But they used wrong marketing segmentation strategies, and brought bad effects to the vulnerable gr oups that they are targeted at. 4.2 From the interest group’s perspective | | 1| Customers| 2| Community| 3| Mass Media| 4| Employees| 5| Government| 6| Trade Association| 7| Shareholders| 8| Suppliers| 9| Company| 10| Competitors| In this case, all the interest groups involved in are the noneconomic public health organizations such as Health and Human Services Secretary; The Women’s Tennis Association; Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) and so on. These noneconomic interest groups seek the solutions of the public concerns and issues. They against the tobacco and alcohol companies targeted at some vulnerable customers, and sold harmful products to these customers with unethical ways. Therefore, from the interest group’s perspective, the interests of the customers should be ranked in the fist place. â€Å"The basic meaning of Community is a group of people living in the same locality and the same government † (Wikipedia). The ultimate objective of the interest groups is solving the social issues that they concerned and about and then improve the total living standards of the community. And the Community provides the company with physical and social infrastructure that allows the company to do business. Therefore, when a company was failed to exercise its obligations, the Community has the duty to interdict its unethical behavior (Patrick 2004). In the case, the boycott and other against activities of the interest groups are under the support and assistance of the mess media. The media not only gave the pressure to the unethical companies, but also showed right guidance of public opinion. V: Alternative Courses of Action and Recommendation 5.1 Alternative Courses of Action Recommendations for Company For R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and G. Heileman Brewing Company, they should rank the customers in the first order rather than their own interests. Although marketing segmentation is an useful strategy in some conditions, the marketers of the alcoholic and tobacco industry should not target at the groups who are vulnerable due to their disadvantages in income, knowledge, age, life circumstance and so on. The alcoholic makers should provide the obvious marks with the information of the content, serving size the macronutrients, and the hazard of over drinking. The companies should participate more in the charitable activities, help and sponsor the people who suffer from the bad disease may caused by their products in order to have a better implementation of social responsibility. 5.2 Alternative Courses of Action Recommendations for Interest Groups For the interest groups, they should help and training these vulnerable citizens directly with informative knowledge and cooperate with government rather than only criticizing the cigarettes and alcohol company. Cooperating with the government in order to better restrict unethical business strategies in alcoholic and tobacco industry. The government could use more methods to regulate and administrate the enterprise behavior through tax and law. Providing tobacco-use prevention courses in the school. The general awareness of the smoking harms health should be introduced since the primary school and reinforced in the high school in order to increase the successful rate of preventing tobacco for the young people. Encouraging the family members of the smoker or alcoholic drinker to persuade them giving up the unhealthy products or reduce the quantity of consumption. Reference Smith, N 1995, ‘Case Study: Uptown, Dakota, and PowerMaster’, Communication in Business: Internal and External, P54-58. Patrick, E, Gene, R, Norman, E Thomas, A 2004, Ethical marketing, Pearson Education, New Jersey. Grace, D Coken, S 2005, Business ethics: problems and cases, Oxford, New York. Fisher, C Lovell, A 2006, Business ethics and values: individual, corporate and international perspective ,Pearson Education, Harlow. Warner, K, Goldenhar, L1992, ‘Targeting of cigarette advertising in US markets’, Tobacco Control, vol.25, P30. http://www.naaapi.org/documents/uptown.asp http://www.google.com.au/search?q=powermasterhl Richard, J 1998, Life in a Business oriented society, Allyn and Bacon, Boston. Smith, C Martin, E 1997, ‘Ethics and target marketing: the role of product harm and consumer vulnerability’, Journal of Marketing, vol.61, P1-20.

Mental Health Facility Closure: Effects on Patients

Mental Health Facility Closure: Effects on Patients Patrick A. Mallare Mental health facilities provide different services to a person at any age who are experiencing mental and emotional crisis. Some of these services include alcohol and substance abuse treatment, behavioral disorders treatment, rehabilitations and support groups. These facilities are very helpful to our society as mental health professionals work together to help and support those people in need to regain their good mental health and live normally. There are several mental health facilities around the world, however, some of these facilities are planning to close or had closed already. Some reasons of the facilities closure are related to financial issues, non-compliance with the laws and regulations or quality of care complaints. There is one in York, the Bootham Park hospital (public adult mental health hospital) have decided to closed in October 2015 with only five days notice. Care Quality Commission (CQC) inspectors came unannounced and found it was unfit for purpose and that patients were at significant risk of harm (Slawson, 2015) and forced to close in 5 days. But, per Greenwood (2016), there is a speculation that the hospital will be sold to private developers. Another mental health facility, the Community Counseling Centers of Chicago which is known as one of the largest providers of mental health services to poor North Siders; which cares for more than 10,000 patients, including children (Chicago, 2015) was about to close in May 2015 due to financial difficulties. But because of the concern to 10,000 existing patients, C4 remained open with partnership agreement to CountyCare, Cook County Health Hospitals Systems Medicaid health plan (Zumbach, 2015). Closure of any facilities whether it is small or big facilities matters to all the patients and their families as well as the employees and healthcare professionals. Mental health facilities closure has big impact to everyone especially the patients who are seeking help for their recovery. Serious problems might be encountered and will greatly affect their lives. The first option that patients will do if facility closes is to find a new facility where they would be accepted to receive the care that they need. And, looking for a new place means changing their healthcare provider. In this situation, any changes will be difficult for these kinds of patients with mental and behavioral disorders. Like what Fawcett (2014) mentioned in her article, Medical records can be transferred in the blink of an eye but it takes much longer to open up to someone and feel comfortable talking about your symptoms, particularly if you have a stigmatized psychological disorder such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. And, building rapport and developing a doctor-patient relationship could be difficult as well. Amy Watson, an associate professor at University of Chicago-Illinoiss Jane Adams College of Social Work who specializes in mental health policy, also stated that it takes months before youre in a position where you might know that person, trust that person and feel comfortable with really working on things with them (Fawcett, 2014). It is difficult to build a trusting relationship to anyone especially for patients with severe mental disorders/illnesses. In this situation, physical and emotional challenges may be experienced and this will affect their decision whether they will be interested to look for another facility for their treatment or just do nothing. Per Hwong (2016), San Franciscos county jail is the largest mental health facility wherein 35 to 40 percent of inmates are getting treatment for mental illness. Closure of mental health facilities is one of the reason why people with mental health issues especially poor people ended up in jail. One example that Fawcett (2014) mentioned in her article, a homeless person sleeping on somebodys car will be arrested for trespassing when the driver calls the police. In this situation, it is not really their intention to scare people. They just dont have any place to go to. And, if those homeless people are mentally ill and was not receiving the medication treatment that theyre supposed to take, then their behaviors will show and will act differently. Closure of mental health facilities or other healthcare facilities is very devastating. Patients, families, employees and healthcare professionals cannot control or stop this kind of situation. It is the owners responsibility on how to maintain the facilitys integrity, quality of care and compliance to laws and regulation to meet the quality standards in a facility. But, before both parties agrees with the closure of the facilities, they should think about their existing patients too who really needed their help. For some people with mental and behavioral disorders, that place is the only place that they know for sure a safe place to stay and get recovered. So, when people try to take away this place to them, they might be in distress again, panic and make them more confuse. I agreed with Hwong (2016) statement: Directing funding to mental health and housing services rather than more criminal justice facilities is a first step in the right direction, but clinicians and consumers must be part of the process; If we dare, we can develop innovative solutions for mental heal th care ones that allow people to live with the kind of dignity and justice that we all deserve. This is one of the main solution and alternative shelter and a place for continues recovery for people with mental and behavioral disorders when mental facilities decided to close. References Greenwood, P. (2016). The NHS mental health hospital closed with just five days warning. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/mar/14/the-nhs-mental-health-hospital-closed-with-just-five-days-warning Fawcett, K. (2014). What Happens to Patients When Mental Health Clinics Close? US News. Retrieved from: http://health.usnews.com/health-news/patient-advice/articles/2014/09/30/what-happens-to-patients-when-mental-health-clinics-close Hwong, A. (2016). S.F.s largest mental health facility the jail. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved from: http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/openforum/article/S-F-s-largest-mental-health-facility-the-10645994.php Slawson, N. (2015). Bootham Park Hospital: sudden closure leaves patients vulnerable. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/oct/01/ bootham-park-hospital-sudden- closure-leaves-patients-vulnerable Zumbach, L. (2015). Mental health deal keeps Community Counseling Centers of Chicago open. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from: http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-c4-countycare-agreement-met-20150515-story.html Devastating closure of mental health centers to hit 10,000 patients next month. Chicago Suntimes. Retrieved from: http://chicago.suntimes.com/news/devastating-closure-of-mental-health-centers-to-hit-10000-patients-next-month/

Platelet Rich Plasma-platelet Concentrate (PRP-PC) Analysis

Platelet Rich Plasma-platelet Concentrate (PRP-PC) Analysis Quality assessment of platelet concentrates prepared at Dr. Pinnameneni Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation Dr. Anusha A.M Background Platelet rich plasma-platelet concentrate (PRP-PC) were prepared and their quality variables were evaluated. Material and methods In this study platelet products were prepared using platelet rich plasma method. After preparation the products were transferred to platelet incubator and agitated. Their quality was assessed after 24 hours of preparation using the following parameters: volume of the platelet concentrate, platelet count, RBC contamination, morphology and pH. Results Volume 90% of the RDP was weighing between 50 to 70 ml, 4% below 50 and 6% above 70 ml. The count correlated well in both the methods and 85% of RDP had a count of above 5.5 x 1010, 15% had below 5 x 1010. Ph: 56% of the RDP had of 6.3 to 6.5, 33% had 6.6 to 7.0 and 6% at 6.2 and 5% above 7.0. Appearance: 86% was light straw colored, 3% light pint, 6% pink and 5% red. Conclusion During the storage of platelet concentrates there is progressive loss in capacity of survival and function of platelets. In order to maximize the preservation of platelet viability it is best to allow PRP to repose at room temperature for 1-2 hours and then transfuse as soon as possible. To maximize the therapeutic values of platelet concentrates quality control is essential and helps to identify trouble shooting in procedures. In conclusion more than 95% of the RDPs prepared meet the standard. Keywords:Platelet rich plasma-platelet concentrate, quality parameters, platelet count Introduction Transfusion medicine has over the years evolved to assume a complex medical discipline that aided or modified patient care. Blood donation culture has not been fully imbibed in our society and homologous blood is usually in short supply in the blood banks with its attendant consequences in patient management1. Platelet transfusion therapy has played an important role in the management of patients 2,3]. Today, platelet concentrates are prepared from whole blood either by differential centrifugation buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates (BC) or by platelet rich plasma- platelet concentrates (PRP-PC) and plateletpheresis (4,5). There are several methods for quality control of platelet components including cell counting, pH, volume and morphology.[6.7.8]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of platelets during the storage of platelet concentrates derived from PRP-PCs and whether patients got adequate therapeutically useful amount of platelets. Materials and Methods The present study was conducted at blood bank, PSIMS RF, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study was carried out on 100 patients. Platelet products were prepared from whole blood using platelet rich plasma method. After preparation these were stored in platelet incubator and agitated. Their quality was assessed after 24 hours of preparation using the following parameters: volume of the platelet concentrate, platelet count, RBC contamination, morphology and pH. For the study, samples were taken from the segment of tubing in the platelet concentrate bag to maintain sterility inside the bag. Volume The volume of the platelet concentrates were measured by deducting the volume of the empty bag from the volume of the platelets concentrate bag in ml. The measurements were recorded. pH p H of the platelet concentrate units were checked by the use of semi-quantitative dipsticks ( Bayers multistix strips) Total Platelet Count Platelet count was done by 2 methods Automated method by using fully automated analyzer Sysmex KX-21 to assess the quality o the platelets. Counting was based on impedance technology. Manual method using counting chamber. RBC contamination Platelet concentrate unit was checked by visual inspection or various colours. Morphology Morphology was analyzed by staining smear by leishman stain. Results 1. Volume 95% of PRP-PC was weighing between 55 to 75 ml and 5% below 55. pH 76% of the PRP-PC had of 6.3 to 6.5, 20% had 6.6 to 7.0 and 4% below 6.3. Total Platelet Count The count correlated well in both the methods and 90% of PRP-PC had a count of above 5.0 x 1010 and 10% below 5 x 1010. 4. RBC contamination 92% was light straw colored, 4% light pint and 4% pink. Morphology 94% of the platelets were discoid, 4% spherical and 1% fragmented. Discussion The potential of transfused platelets to circulate and function is dependent on ex-vivo and in-vivo factors. The percentage of platelets that maintain discoid form is a primary and simple indicator for the quality of the stored platelet concentrates. PCs been gently prepared and then immediately transfused without a storage interval have high retrieval, good survival and conserved function. Quality assessment of platelet concentrates is an important step to evaluateex-vivofunctional viability of platelet concentrates and post transfusion recovery and survival in donee. Various variables are used for routinequality assessment of platelet concentrates such as volume, platelet count, morphology, RBC contamination and pH. Conclusion During storage, platelet concentrates gradually lose the capacity to survive and function. In order to preserve platelet viability, PRP should be allowed to rest at room temperature, for 1-2 hours and transfused as soon as possible thereafter. There is a need to improve the quality of the platelet concentrates being prepared to get maximum therapeutic values. Doing quality control is essential and it is not only valuable in itself but also helps in identify trouble shooting of the procedures. In conclusion more than 95% of the PRP-PC prepared met the standards. References Olaitan PB, Onah I I, Ogbonnaya I S. Preliminary reports of autologous blood transfusion in a plastic surgery unit. Tropical Doctor.2006; 36: 20-21 Snyder EL, Hezzey A, Katz AJ, Bock J (1981) Occurrence of the release reaction during preparation and storage of platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 41:172-177. Heaton WA, Rebulla P, Pappalettera M, Dzik WH (1997) A comparative analysis of different methods for routine blood component preparation. Transfus MedRev 11:116-129. Fijnheer R, Pietersz RN, de Korte D, Gouwerok CW, Dekker WJ, et al. (1990)Platelet activation during preparation of Platelet Concentrate: A comparison of Platelet Rich Plasma and the buffy coat methods. Transfusion 30: 634-638. Jerad S, Prane K (1997) The Platelet Storage lesions. Transfusion Medicine Reviews 2: 130-144. Dijkstra-Tiekstra MJ, Pietersz RN, Huijgens PC (2004) Correlation Between the extent of platelet activation in platelet concentrates and in vitro and in vivo parameters. Vox Sang 87: 257-263. Kamath S, Blann AD, Lip GY (2001) Platelet activation: assessment andquantification. Eur Heart J 22: 1561–1571. Albanyan AM, Murphy MF, Rasmussen JT, Heegaard CW, Harrison P (2009)Measurement of phosphatidylserine exposure during storage of platelet concentrates using the novel probe lactadherin: a comparison study with annexin V. Transfusion 49: 99-107. Rinder HM, Smith BR. In vitro evaluation of stored platelets: Is there hope for predicting post-transfusion platelet survival and function?Transfusion.2003;43:2–6 Holme S. Storage and quality assessment of platelets.Vox Sang.1998;74:207–16.

Nike, Inc vs. Toys R Us Essay -- essays research papers

NIKE, INC VS TOYS R U Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Procedures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 COMPANIES.........†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 COMAPARISONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 GROWTH†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 REFERENCES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Comparisons Chart- "The Company" †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 8 2. Growth Chart- NIKE, INC†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 3. Growth Chart- TOYS R US, INC†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 4. Revenue Chart†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 Investigation 4 INTRODUCTION EC=2 Consultants was contracted to locate and research two companies for purchase or takeover by the XYZ Investment Syndicate. EC=2 has a solid reputation in the Eastern United States for providing this type of service. For the XYZ Investment Syndicate, EC=2 has identified NIKE, INC... ... 12 REFERENCES Yahoo: Finance. Income Statement http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s (April 2005) Yahoo: Finance. Quotes and Info http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s (April 2005) Reuters: Ratios. Valuation Ratios http://reuters.com (April 2005) NASD: Investor Information http://www.nasd.com/ (April 2005) NIKE: Company Information http://nike.com (April 2005) TOYS R US: Company Information http://nike.com (April 2005)

Charles Darwins Theory of Evolution :: Natural Selection, Evolution Essays

In The Origin of Species, Charles Darwin poetically entailed, "There is grandeur in this view of life . . .." Personifying Nature as the ultimate breeder, Darwin infers and hypothesizes what is arguably the most fundamental and profound scientific manifesto that governs what we now know about modern science and the science of discovering our past. His two theories of Natural Selection and Sexual Selection effectively bridge the gap that his predecessors could not. These concepts are imperative as their implications paved the way for Darwin's explanation of Evolution. The term "Survival of the Fittest" has been made synonymous with Darwinian ideology, yet to fully understand this idea we need to know what it truly means to be "fit." As discussed in class, being fit does not necessarily imply fitness on a physical or mental level. Rather, the principle entails how well-suited one is for its environment or a readiness for a species to adapt, whether to a new habitat or possibly changes in food, shelter, climate, etc. Through small, almost unnoticable change, over large periods of time, organisms develop physiological and/or anatomical features that invariably help the organism live or live easier. It is important to note that this does not infer that the process of adaptation takes place for the mere purpose of only "bettering" a species or self-improvement, rather modifications are a supplemental benefit. Darwin stated that, "if they be in any degree profitable to the individuals of a species, in their indefinitely complex relations to the organic beings and to their physical conditions of life, will tend to the preservation of such individuals . . .." In some cases this modification can be a detriment to a species. Take for example a species of like-moths in England preceding and during the Industrial Revolution. Before the manufacture of goods in large quantities, two types of moths, white and gray would rest on the bark of trees where birds would prey upon the m. The barks of trees were mainly white, which helped the white moths immensely in that they were camouflaged from their predators. Conversely, the gray moths were clearly noticeable and were thus preyed upon heavily. With the advent of machinery, dust and smoke turned the barks of trees from white to gray, which shifted the predatorial tendencies from gray moths to white. Thus we are able to infer that while the adaptation of color was beneficial to a group of species for a certain extent of time, it does not guarantee that Mother Nature will not shift her favor at some other point in time.

College And Sleeping :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Are you curious if those all night cram study hours are working? I bet your wondering if they are actually helping or hurting your midterm grade? I’m sure all of us have spent an all nighter studying for that Chemistry or Economics exam that you just have to do well on because its 50 percent of your grade. Not only are you studying so hard for that A+, but your mental well-being. We all feel pressured to do well in college for many reasons. For that high paying job were promised if we graduate from a top-notch school or what about the assumption that you will have a better future. And for those of you whose parents are paying thousands of dollars for tuition, wouldn’t want to let mom or dad down. The answer is here. June J. Pilcher conducted a study of whether sleep deprivation affects your ability of acing that test if you just would have went to bed earlier.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  June J. Pilcher published an article â€Å"How sleep Deprivation Affects Psychological Variables Related to College Students Cognitive Performance,† in the Journal of American College Health on November of 1997.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Voluntary sleep deprivation is a common occurrence for many collge students, who often partially deprive themselves of sleep during the week and compensate by increasing their sleep time over the weekend. This pattern of sleep deprivation and rebound becomes more pronounced around examination periods, sometimes resulting in 24 to 48 hours of sleep deprivation. By depriving themselves of sleep, college students are not only increasing their feelings of sleepiness during the day, thus decreasing their ability to pay attention in class, but are also negatively affecting their ability to perform on exams.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The effect of sleep deprivation on psychological variable associated with performance, such as self-reported estimates of attention, effort, and performance, have not been thoroughly investigated. Few studies have examined perceived effort and performance, and the results from those studies have often been contradictory. For example, some researchers have suggested that sleep deprivation may affect the willingness of the individual to put forth the effort to perform well on a task more than the actual ability of the individual to perform.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By contrast, other researchers have concluded that people may realize a decrease in performance levels following sleep deprivation and attempt to overcome this by increasing their effort . However other studies have shown that a perceived increase in effort does not appear to overcome the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.

Archaeology Essays – Archaeological Excavation

Can archeological digging of sites non under immediate menace of development or eroding be justified morally? Explore the pros and cons of research ( as opposed to deliver and salve ) digging and non-destructive archeological research methods utilizing specific illustrations.Many people believe that archeology and archeologists are chiefly concerned with digging – with delving sites. This may be the common public image of archeology, as frequently portrayed on telecasting, although Rahtz ( 1991, 65-86 ) has made clear that archaeologists in fact do many things besides excavate. Drewett ( 1999, 76 ) goes farther, noticing that ‘it must ne'er be assumed that digging is an indispensable portion of any archeological fieldwork’ . Excavation itself is a dearly-won and destructive research tool, destructing the object of its research forever ( Renfrew and Bahn 1996, 100 ) . Of the present twenty-four hours it has been noted that instead than wanting to delve every site t hey know about, the bulk of archeologists work within a preservation moral principle that has grown up in the past few decennaries ( Carmichaelet Al. 2003, 41 ) . Given the displacement to excavation taking topographic point largely in a deliverance or salvage context where the archeology would otherwise face devastation and the inherently destructive nature of digging, it has become appropriate to inquire whether research digging can be morally justified. This essay will seek to reply that inquiry in the affirmatory and besides explore the pros and cons of research digging and non-destructive archeological research methods. If the moral justification of research digging is questionable in comparing to the digging of threatened sites, it would look that what makes deliverance digging morally acceptable is the fact that the site would be lost to human cognition if it was non investigated. It seems clear from this, and seems widely accepted that digging itself is a utile fact-finding technique. Renfrew and Bahn ( 1996, 97 ) suggest that digging ‘retains its cardinal function in fieldwork because it yields the most dependable grounds archeologists are interested in’ . Carmichaelet Al. ( 2003, 32 ) note that ‘excavation is the agencies by which we entree the past’ and that it is the most basic, specifying facet of archeology. As mentioned above, digging is a dearly-won and destructive procedure that destroys the object of its survey. Bearing this in head, it seems that it is possibly the context in which digging is used that has a bearing on whether or non it is morally justifiable. If the archeology is bound to be destroyed through eroding or development so its devastation through digging is vindicated since much informations that would otherwise be lost will be created ( Drewett 1999, 76 ) . If rescue digging is justifiable on the evidences that it prevents entire loss in footings of the possible informations, does this mean that research digging is non morally justifiable because it is non merely ‘making the best usage of archeological sites that must be consumed’ ( Carmichaelet Al. 2003, 34 ) ? Many would differ. Critics of research digging may indicate out that the archeology itself is a finite resource that must be preserved wherever possible for the hereafter. The devastation of archeological grounds through unneeded ( ie non-emergency ) digging denies the chance of research or enjoyment to future coevalss to whom we may owe a tutelary responsibility of attention ( Rahtz 1991, 139 ) . Even during the most responsible diggings where detailed records are made, 100 % recording of a site is non possible, doing any non-essential digging about a willful devastation of grounds. These unfavorable judgments are non entirely valid though, and surely the latter ho lds true during any digging, non merely research diggings, and certainly during a research undertaking there is likely to be more clip available for a full recording attempt than during the statutory entree period of a deliverance undertaking. It is besides debateable whether archeology is a finite resource, since ‘new’ archeology is created all the clip. It seems ineluctable though, that single sites are alone and can endure devastation but although it is more hard and possibly unwanted to deny that we have some duty to continue this archeology for future coevalss, is it non besides the instance that the present coevalss are entitled to do responsible usage of it, if non to destruct it? Research digging, best directed at replying potentially of import research inquiries, can be done on a partial or selective footing, without upseting or destructing a whole site, therefore go forthing countries for later research workers to look into ( Carmichaelet Al. 2003, 41 ) . Furt hermore, this can and should be done in concurrence with non-invasive techniques such as aerial picture taking, land, geophysical and chemical study ( Drewett 1999, 76 ) . Continued research digging besides allows the pattern and development of new techniques, without which such accomplishments would be lost, forestalling future digging technique from being improved. An first-class illustration of the benefits of a combination of research digging and non-destructive archeological techniques is the work that has been done, despite expostulations, at the Anglo-saxon graveyard at Sutton Hoo, in eastern England ( Rahtz 1991 136-47 ; Renfrew and Bahn 1996, 98-99 ) . Excavation originally took topographic point on the site in 1938-39 uncovering many hoarded wealths and the feeling in sand of a wooden ship used for a burial, though the organic structure was non found. The focal point of these runs and those of the sixtiess were traditional in their attack, being concerned with the gap of burial hills, their contents, dating and placing historical connexions such as the individuality of the residents. In the 1980s a new run with different purposes was undertaken, directed by Martin Carver. Rather than get downing and stoping with digging, a regional study was carried out over an country of some 14ha, assisting to put the site in its local context. Electr onic distance measurement was used to make a topographical contour map prior to other work. A grass expert examined the assortment of grass species on-site and identified the places of some 200 holes dug into the site. Other environmental surveies examined beetles, pollen and snails. In add-on, a phosphate study, declarative mood of likely countries of human business, corresponded with consequences of the surface study. Other non-destructive tools were used such as metal sensors, used to map modern trash. A proton gaussmeter, fluxgate gradiometer and dirt electric resistance were all used on a little portion of the site to the E, which was subsequently excavated. Of those techniques, electric resistance proved the most enlightening, uncovering a modern ditch and a dual palisade, every bit good as some other characteristics ( see comparative illustrations in Renfrew and Bahn 1996, 99 ) . Excavation subsequently revealed characteristics that had non been remotely detected. Electric re sistance has since been used on the country of the hills while soil-sounding radio detection and ranging, which penetrates deeper than electric resistance, is being used on the hills themselves. At Sutton Hoo, the techniques of geophysical study are seen to run as a complement to digging, non simply a preliminary nor yet a replacing. By trialling such techniques in concurrence with digging, their effectivity can be gauged and new and more effectual techniques developed. The consequences at Sutton Hoo suggest that research digging and non-destructive methods of archeological research remain morally justifiable. However, merely because such techniques can be applied expeditiously does non intend that digging should be the precedence nor that all sites should be excavated, but such a scenario has ne'er been a likely one due to the usual restraints such as support. Besides, it has been noted above that there is already a tendency towards preservation. Continued research digging at celebrated sites such as Sutton Hoo, as Rahtz notes ( 1991, 140-41 ) , is justified since it serves professedly to develop archeological pattern itself ; the physical remains, or forms in the landscape can be and are restored to their former visual aspect with the fillip of being better understood, more educational and interesting ; such alien and particular sites capture the imaginativeness of the populace and the media and raise the profile of archeology as a whole. There are other sites that could turn out every bit good illustrations of morally justifiable long term research archeology, such as Wharram Percy ( fo r which see Rahtz 1991, 148-57 ) . Progressing from a straightforward digging in 1950, with the purpose of demoing that the earthworks represented mediaeval edifices, the site grew to stand for much more in clip, infinite and complexness. Techniques used expanded from digging to include study techniques and aerial picture taking to put the small town into a local context. In decision, it can be seen that while digging is destructive, there is a morally justifiable topographic point for research archeology and non-destructive archeological techniques: digging should non be reduced merely to deliver fortunes. Research digging undertakings, such as Sutton Hoo, have provided many positive facets to the development of archeology and cognition of the past. While digging should non be undertaken lightly, and non-destructive techniques should be employed in the first topographic point, it is clear that every bit yet they can non replace digging in footings of the sum and types of informations provided. Non-destructive techniques such as environmental sampling and electric resistance study have, provided important complementary informations to that which digging provides and both should be employed. BibliographyCarmichael, D.L. , Lafferty III, R.H. and Molyneaux, B.L. 2003.Excavation.Walnut Creek and Oxford: Altamira Press.Drewett, P.L. 1999.Field Archaeology: An Introduction. London: UCL Press.Rahtz, P. 1991.Invitation to Archaeology. 2nd edition. Oxford: Blackwell.Renfrew, C. and Bahn, P.1996.Archeology: Theories, Methods and Practice. 2nd edition. London: Thames & A ; Hudson.

Classroom Management and Child Friendly School System Essay

I. Background The Department of Education (DepEd), Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and other minor agencies works in collaboration to attain the goal in implementing the Child Friendly School System (CFSS) in connection to the protection of children in school. Their aim is to protect the pupil in all aspect of abuses whether it is from peers, parents, community and even from cruel teachers. Protect the child from physical, mental, emotional and verbal abuse. DepEd Memorandum No. 73, s. 2006 dated February 28, 2006 mandated the program of the Child-Friendly School System. Trainings were done afterwards to fully grasped the aims of the system. DepEd Order No. 40, s. 2012 was re-polished and mandated the Child Protection Policies and Guidelines on protecting school children to any form of abuse, such as violence, exploitation, discrimination, bullying, and the like with the full support of Secretary Bro. Armin A. Luistro, FSC. In connection to this, Presidential Decree 603 of the Child and Youth Welfare Code, was passed last 1974, and still adopted until now which further supplements that our Philippine government supports the goal of the following agencies to ensure children’s safeties and guarantees that the rights of the children are properly impose by all men and that the children enjoys every rights they have. However, this DepEd Order, Memorandum and Proclamations were one or another misinterpreted, overused and misused. There were problems met along the way especially in the relationship of the teacher-pupil-stakeholders. These mandate also put a â€Å"wall† between them which seemingly affects the teaching-learning process inside the classroom. II. Statement of the Problem Studies show that the children now a day have short attention span than of those children in the ninetieth century and below. Children’s behavior and discipline is one major problem of teachers. Classroom management’s affectivity will only last in a short period too. Why is it so? Does DepEd Order No. 40, s. 2012, DepEd Memorandum No. 73, s. 2006 and Presidential Decree 603 has great impact to children’s misbehaviors? How agencies promoting child’s protection do affect the classroom management? If there were loopholes in the guidelines and policies, how will the teacher implement discipline without violating any rules? III. Review Related Literature (RRL) †¢ Bible (Proverbs 3:11; Proverbs13:24; Proverbs 23:12-13) †¢ â€Å" Towards A Child –Friendly Education Environment†, PWU-CWC-UNICEF for Plan Philippines in 2009 †¢ Family Code †¢ Presidential Decree 603 †¢ DepEd Memorandum no. 73, s. 2006 †¢ DepEd Order no. 40, s. 2012 IV. Discussion & Analysis The oldest book in the world and the most reliable one is the Bible. The book also expressed the issue about disciplining children. It was written in the scriptures in Proverbs 3:11; 13:24; 23:12-13, it said that parents should not spare the rod when giving discipline so that children will know that they have done wrong and that every misconduct they have committed there is always a punishment for it. The Bible also teaches us to disciple our children in order for them to choose the correct values which eventually mold them as they grow. As our government supports the anti child abuse laws, there were pros and cons to this issue. Disciplinarians didn’t agree such provisions because it makes a child brat, selfish and disrespectful. When Filipinos embraced the western culture, our new generation changes their way of life. Filipino values were deteriorating. Eventually, teachers to this extent, have hard time in managing their pupils in the classroom. Here are the questions asked to the respondents done in random, regarding the issue for the purpose of gathering data, information and insights: 1. What do you think of the Child Friendly School System program of the Department of Education? 2. How will you access the reliability of the Child Protection Law? How about the Juvenile Delinquent? 3. Are you amenable in respecting the rights of the child? Why? 4. What is your point of view in disciplining a child? 5. Being a parent/teacher, how would you like to discipline a child? 6. Do you think there is a need to discipline a child with a â€Å"rod† in order to have good learning? Why? Traditional educators were not sold out to this because they said and have experienced that teaching children is never without punishment. Punishment became an option to pupils who doesn’t want to learn and follow instruction as well. As to Modern educators, learning among children is easier if done with fun. Both generations of educators have one common goal; to teach the children to learn and mold them to become a good citizen of the country and eventually to the world. But what is happening to our society today? Why even young kids were involved in crimes? Does the Department of Education have to do with it? If so, In what area of learning and molding does educators failed? Are educators solely to blame? In some area, YES! Here are some possible reasons: 1) Maybe because values taught did not penetrate deeply to the conscience of their pupils. 2) Maybe because teachers are just teaching the subject for the sake of teaching the subject. or †¦. 3) Maybe because the teacher himself is not an effective values teacher. Can we also blame the parents? For a great reason, YES! A child learns his entire â€Å"first† at home. First word, first vocabulary, first love, trust and respect, and the like. Parents’ genes run through in the blood of the child too. Therefore, parents must take their part to sustain the good learning of their children. Because surveys found out that home environment has a great impact to the child’s values formation and how they create their out look in life. In molding the child, parents, teachers, and as well as the government would definitely take part in molding the child. But of all the collaboration, why are children hard to handle in the classroom? Why does teachers keeps on finding ways and means, apply learning styles and strategies to manage the pupils in the classroom? To the point that if the teachers cannot handle them longer, even to the extended patience, teachers will rather choose to just sit down and wait for dismissal than to reprimand, â€Å"punish† and discipline the learners. Teachers don’t mind anymore bad attitudes of the pupils instead of disciplining then because of the child-friendly system. Why is it so? Parents now are concern more on how much money they can get/ask for moral damage if their child were scolded instead of working together to show respect to authority. That’s why teachers push themselves away to manage the classroom because of this kind of situations. But in fairness to parents, they are only protecting their children in this case because there were instances of abuses done by teachers or in the school premises. Here are samples of abuses: A. physical, verbal and sexual abuse and violence inflicted by Teachers & Other School Personnel: a. 3 out of 10 children in Grades 1-3 and almost 5 out of 10 from high school experience physical violence (such as pinching and hitting) committed by teachers; b. Approximately 4 out of 10 children in Grades 1-3 and 7 out of 10 in higher grade levels have complained of verbal abuse by their teachers; c. 36.53 % of children in Grades 4-6 and 42. 88% of high school students surveyed indicated they have experienced verbal sexual violence in school and 11.95% of children in Grades 4-6 and 17.60% of high school students have experienced inappropriate touching. B. Physical, Verbal and Sexual Abuse and Violence Among Children , (i.e. Bullying, etc.) a. 73.58% of children in Grades 4-6 and 78.36% in high school surveyed in urban areas have suffered verbal abuse violence from their peers; b. 30.17% of children in Grades 4-6 and 37.57% in high school surveyed in rural areas have experienced physical abuse or violence committed by their peers; c. 26.74% of children in Grades 4-6 and43. 71% in high school in urban areas surveyed have experienced verbal sexual abuse committed by their peers and9.65% of Grades 4-6 and 17.71 of high school students experienced inappropriate touching. †¢Source: â€Å" Towards A Child –Friendly Education Environment†, PWU-CWC-UNICEF for Plan Philippines in 2009 Who would want to experience such abuse? Nobody! So, with these trending phenomenons, as parents, the safety of their children is a must before preventing it to happen to them. With regards to teachers, cruel teachers, are now aware of their conducts inside the classroom or in the school premises and also in the style of disciplining their pupils. Even community today, is concern of these laws that surely helps it become possible. It is all known to men that every law made are for the benefits and the good of the concerned, and yet, there is no perfect law except the law of the Lord written in the Holy Bible. Hence, here are some good side of this Child Protection Law and the Child Friendly School System: 1. abuses among school children are minimize; 2. bullying were controlled; 3. everybody, especially the media are concern of the rights and privileges of the child which was not given emphasis before; and 4. Parents are comfortable enough that their children are covered by the government through pursuing the laws. As part of the saying â€Å"†¦there is no perfect law†¦Ã¢â‚¬  there are also loopholes in these provisions which unknowingly created bad outcomes and new problems in the implementation, such as: 1. created ill-mannered pupils/less values/misconducts; 2. teachers were abused by the parents and not respected by children and even the community; 3. privacy of teachers were not kept; 4. biblical quotes in imposing discipline were neglected; and the worst, 5. teachers seems to detached themselves in the very purpose of why they are teaching children in their classroom to avoid conflicts and cases filed against them in the long run. With this kind of attitude among teachers, the teaching-learning process is not delivered well. Teachers will only recognize those pupils who will follow his/her instructions. He/she will favor those who are not naughty. Teachers will no longer try the best of their ability to teach and mold young minds because they are afraid they might not control their temper and unfortunately â€Å"touched† a child, but the aim is to disciple alone, resulted conflicts and problems among him/her with the stakeholders. Because according to the law, a child is never wronged and would never tell lies. Is that so? How about children making stories, are they reliable? There are children getting involved in crimes. There are children using drugs. There are children killing children. Are these kinds of children exempted by the law? Law makers should give a second look at this. Who is wrong then? Is it the teachers? Is it the parents? Is it the Law? Everybody is after for the good and the betterment of the children, but what is happening today in the real world of learning, children now a day are hard to manage because the child friendly school system adopted and bench marked by the Department of Education from other countries’ educational project, which was supported by our Philippine government. V. Conclusions & Recommendations I strongly believe in the Holy Scripture in the teaching about disciplining our children. If we spare the rod, we tolerate their mistakes. But, we won’t hit them in such a way that it will create problem and hesitation for them to learn. Disciplining our children, our pupils, with love having the goal to let them realize their mistake and eventually regrets for doing such. No human being would like to see children suffering from any harm. No one in his good state of mind would abuse a child. Children are gifts from God so we have to nurture and give the best learning we could give in order for them to become a good citizen, with good moral values as they grow up. However, as they grow old they need to be scolded, reprimand and even be punish if needed so that they will not depart themselves in the teaching which was given to them. It will guide them to choose good over bad. I am in favor of giving punishment to school children especially in lower grades and should be carried on, because it will help them become lovers of truth and peace. BUT giving punishment should not go beyond what the law provides. Parents and teachers should work hand in hand in order to produce young minds with concern for fellow men and for the good of our country as well. I just hope that the laws and provisions in promoting the welfare of our youth and children will be overused or misinterpreted. I also hope that our government will also provide protection to teachers who were abused by the parents because there were some cases where parents are using their children to make stories against a certain teacher. Finally, classroom management is easier to handle if there is collaboration between the parents and teachers in giving JUST and FAIR punishment to the learners to assure more learning in a managed classroom learning situation.